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Cobwebs

August 25, 2021

Japan, you are one of the most technologically advanced countries in the world. Surely, you can come up with a better way of wiring your nation than this.

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A comment by “Jeffery” from my other blog:

“I hate overhead power and communication lines. They are used too much in the U.S., though many counties and municipalities have begun to require that they be buried during new construction. Europeans look at it like we're India.

”Last job in Japan was in residential housing. I remember seeing RE fliers for projects I was familiar with and all the photos had the power lines Photoshopped out. So, even the Japanese admit that they are unsightly to say the least.

”One Japanese excuse I've heard is that it's done because of typhoons and earthquakes, which are actually the very reasons you bury them - less likely to have them disturbed during these than if they are on a pole that comes down disconnecting several square blocks in the process. Another whopper is about high water table, which is nonsense since most much of the new construction in Tokyo is on "reclaimed" land and they manage to bury it all there.

”But, hey, public officials in tornado and hurricane country in the U.S. are just as deluded not insisting that they be buried so that they aren't torn to pieces every other year or so.”

In Environment, Japanese Architecture, Life in Japan Tags overhead power lines, Electrical Wires, Burying Power Cables, Infrastructure
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Honjoyu

July 14, 2021

I have a feeling that the days are numbered for our neighborhood public bath, Honjōyu , now that Tsuruta Ballet next door has performed its last grand jeté. The two plots of land are prime real estate just begging to be developed. I picture a 20-story condominium in the not-so distant future. Tick, tick, tick. At least it won’t block our sunlight.

The more I look at Honjo-yu, the more jerrybuilt the whole structure looks. How it managed to survive the earthquake of 2005, is anyone's guess. I give it five years tops and then it's going to be bulldozed just like Tsuruta was. I wouldn’t be surprised if Shiraishi-san next door also sells off his plot of land, giving developers 1000 square meters to build on. Tick, tick, tick.

In Japanese Architecture, Life in Fukuoka Tags Lost Japan, Showa Era Japan, Showa Era Buildings, Demolition, Sento, Public Bath
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Myōjin torii – kasagiand shimaki arecurved upwards.

Myōjin torii – kasagiand shimaki arecurved upwards.

Torii

April 25, 2021

Torii (鳥居) are formalized gateway arches signifying the transition from the mundane world to a sacred area. Shrines may have one or multiple torii. When multiple torii are present, the largest one is usually called the ichi no torii (一ノ鳥居, the first torii), and stands at the approach to the overall shrine. Torii may also be found at various points within the precincts to indicate increasing levels of holiness as you approach the honden (本殿, main sanctuary).

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Torii first appeared in Japan around the mid-Heian Period (794-1185) and were probably introduced to Japan from Tang China via Korea as Buddhism spread east. It is believed that torii originated in India from the torana gates in the monastery of Sanchi in central India.

Torana, also known as vandanamalikas, are free-standing arched gateways in the Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain architecture fo South, Southeast, and East Asia. In addition to Japaense torii, Chinese páifāng gateways (牌樓), Korean hongsalmun (홍살문, 紅箭門), and Thai sao ching cha (เสาชิงช้า) have their roots in the Indian torana.

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The hizen torii (肥前鳥居) is an unusual type of torii with a rounded kasagi and pillars that flare downwards.

The hizen torii (肥前鳥居) is an unusual type of torii with a rounded kasagi and pillars that flare downwards.

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A torii is usually formed from two upright hashira, (柱, posts) topped by a horizontal shimagi (島木, tie beam) and kasagi (笠木, cap beam) that extends beyond the posts on either side; beneath the kasagi a horizontal nuki '(貫, tie beam) is mortised through the uprights, linking them together. At the center of the nuki there may be a supporting strut called gakuzuka (額束), sometimes covered by a tablet carrying the name of the shrine. Based on this elemental form, a variety of formal styles are found at shrines, depending on the overall style of shrine architecture employed and the character of the central saijin (祭神, deity) enshrined within.

In Japanese Architecture, Religion Tags Shinto, Shinto Shrine, Shintoism, Torii, เสาชิงช้า, sao ching cha, hongsalmun, 홍살문, 牌樓, páifāng, Torana
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Chigi and Katasogi

March 28, 2021

Honden (本殿) – main hall, enshrining the kami (神). On the roof of the haiden (拝殿) and honden (本殿) are visible chigi (千木, forked roof finials) and katsuogi (鰹木, short horizontal logs), both common shrine ornamentations.

Katsuogi (鰹木, 堅魚木, 勝男木, 葛緒木) or Kasoegi (斗木) are short, decorative logs found in Shinto architecture. Placed at a right angle along the ridge of roofs, they predate Buddhist influence and are an architectural element endemic to Japan.

In ancient times, katsuogi were used as symbols of status or rank on the houses of members of the court and other powerful families, but they later came to be used only on the major structures of shrines.

Chigi are believed to be a vestige of primitive construction practices in which roofs were formed by crossing and binding together ridge-support poles, the extended tops of which were left uncut.

The original purpose of chigi was as a functional reinforcement to the structure, but today, most serve as symbols emphasizing the sacred nature of the structure.

At the Grand Shrines of Ise, shrine buildings dedicated to male kami are traditionally given an odd number of katsuogi and the ends of chigi are cut perpendicular to the ground, while shrines to female kami have an even number of katsuogi, and chigi are cut parallel to the ground.

The ends of the diagonal chigi are cut at mitered angles either perpendicular (sotosogi) or parallel (uchisogi) to the ground, leading to the alternate name katasogi ("miters").

In Japanese Architecture, Religion Tags chigi, 千木, katsuogi, 鰹木, Grand Shrines of Ise, sotosogi, uchisogi, katasogi
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Chiyoda Walkabout

March 22, 2021

One of the things that surprised me when I first wandered about Tōkyō a decade ago was how much open space there was. Walking from Meiji Jingū towards the Imperial Palace I passed several large parks and chanced upon the Akasaka Palace (pictured above and below). Many of the wide boulevards did not have the overhead cobweb of electric cables and telephone wires that Fukuoka had, so you had an unobstructed view of the sky above. How refreshing! I had expected to find a soulless concrete jungle. What I discovered, however, was quite the opposite. I liked it so much that I returned to Tokyo a few months later, then again and again—two, three, even four trips a year—over the next ten years.

This was my first of many walks in the capital.

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Akasaka Palace (赤坂離宮, Akasaka rikyu), or the State Guest House (迎賓館, Geihinkan), is one of the two state dues houses of the Government of Japan, the other being the Kyōto State Guest House. The palace was originally built as the Imperial Palace for the Crown Prince (東宮御所, Togu gosho) in 1909. Not too shabby.

In 2012 when I first stubbled upon the palace, it was closed to the public. A few years later, they opened it up. One of these days, I’ll try to get a peak inside.

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venue leading from Akasaka Palace towards Hibiya.

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Den of Thieves, also known as the headquarters of the Liberal Democratic Party, which is neither very liberal or democratic. But they are the only game in town, I’m afraid, after the Democratic Party’s dismal response to the Tōhoku Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011.

This photo was taken in 2012 and boy, what a difference a decade makes. Regardless or your political leaning, you can’t help admitting that the LDP really pushed through a number of reforms that changed life in Japan. Whether those changes were for the better, I’ll leave that up to you. I will say this: where I was once skeptical of Abe’s second stint as PM, near the end I had to say he had been effective, transformational even. If the pandemic never happened, where would we be today?

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As is often the case, the Japanese Diet was closed for business when I came a-knockin'. One day I would like to take a tour of the building if that is possible.

The Diet building has been destroyed by Godzilla in the past, but was spared the Allies’ bombs in WWII. There is an interesting interview of Faubion Bowers who was the assistant to the assistant of Douglas MacArthur during the Occupation. He mentions that all the good areas of Tokyo were not bombed because the Americans and Allies intended to use the buildings after the war.

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Moat surrounding the Imperial Palace. It was tempting to strip down to my skivvies and jump in.

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Western gate leading to the Imperial Palace

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The Sakuradamon Gate, location of the Sakuradamon Incident of 1860 when Chief Minister Ii Naosuke was assassinated by rōnin of the Mito and Satsuma Domains after the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the US was signed.

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Cherry blossoms at the Cherry Blossom Field Gate (Sakuradamon).

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View from Marunouchi Building of the park before the Imperial Palace. This wide open space was also rather unexpected. I really love the Marunouchi area, which I have written about elsewhere.

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The 19th century building housing the Ministry of Justice is located across the street from the Imperial Palace.

In Walkabout, Travel, Japanese History, Japanese Architecture Tags Tokyo Walk, Chiyoda, Walking Tour of Tokyo, Imperial Palace, Ministry of Justice building, Diet Building, Akasaka Palace
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Rendez-vous à Kyoto

March 21, 2021

I stood in front of the Hotel Granvia for about a half an hour, and as I waited for you I couldn’t help wondering what on earth “Granvia” was supposed to mean.

Was it a reference to Madrid’s Gran Via, literally “Great Way”, the so-called “Broadway of Spain”, the street that never sleeps? And if so, what did that have to do with sedate Kyōto, a city where many restaurants close as early as nine in the evening? Or was it in some way an allusion to the “Great Vehicle” of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Probably not. Most likely, the owners just liked the “sound” of it.

These silly, often meaningless names that architects and planners insisted on slapping on buildings, even here in Kyōto, the very heart of Japan, often made me wonder if the Japanese hated their own culture and language.

Unfortunately, the folly wasn’t limited to naming. Infinitely worse, it expressed itself in monstruments like the awful Kyōto Tower that stood across the street from me like a massive cocktail pick. A fitting design, because the people who had the bright idea of creating it must have been drunk.

The bombings of WWII, which reduced most Japanese cities to ashes, spared Kyōto for the most part, meaning the ancient capital is one of the few cities in Japan with a large number of buildings predating the war. Or shall I say, was. Because that which managed to survive the war proved no match for wrecking balls, hydraulic excavators, and bulldozers.

“Stupid! Stupid! Stupid!” I muttered to myself. 

“Are you talking about me, Sensei?”

Turning around, I found you and . . . wow.

You were wearing a simple short-sleeved, casual tsumugi kimono with a subdued green and yellow plaid design. The obi, though, was a flash of bright autumn colors—oranges and reds—and all held in place, like the string on a present, with an obijime silk cord olive in color. In your short hair, which had been done up with braids, there was a simple kanzashi ornament.”

“You like?”

“I love!”

“I started taking tea ceremony and kitsuke lessons after moving to Kyōto . . .”[1]

“When in Rome . . .”

“Yes, well. I thought I might as well make the most of my time here.”

“You look gorgeous.”

“Thank you.”

You took my arm and in the Kyōto dialect asked how I was feeling: “Go-kigen ikaga dos’ka?”

“Much better, now.”

“So, where are we going?”

“That depends on you.” I would have loved to take you straight to my hotel room and tear that kimono right off of you, but . . . “What do you want to do? Are you hungry?”

“Actually, I am.”

“Okay, then. What are you hungry for?”

“Anythi . . .”

“Stop it! Now think. What is something you’ve been dying to eat, but haven’t . . .”

“Sushi!”

“In Kyōto? The sashimi at my local supermarket in Hakata is much better than what you’ll find in this landlocked town.”

“True, true,” you said, nodding. “How about tempura, then?”

I didn’t have the heart to tell you I’d just had some, so I directed you towards the taxi stand and said, “I know just the place.” And, off we went.

In the cab, I rattled off directions to an upscale tempura restaurant in the Komatsuchō neighborhood of Higashiyama, halfway between Kiyomizu-dera and Yasaka Shrine. I then called the restaurant to warn them that we would be there.

“Are they still open?” you asked.

“Last order’s in about half an hour. It’ll be a squeaker, but, trust me, it’s worth it.”

“What’s the name?”

“Endō.”

“Endō?”

“Endō.”

“Is it famous?”

“Famous enough, I suppose. I like the old house and the neighborhood that it is in more than food itself, to be honest.”

Before long, the taxi pulled up in front of Tempura Endō Yasaka. I got out first and took your hand to help you out of the backseat. When you stood up, you continued to hold on to my hand, gently, but tight enough as if to say “Don’t let go”, so I didn’t. And warmth radiated from my chest to my extremities, like sinking neck-deep into a bath of hot water, and I almost lost my footing going up the short flight of stone steps leading up to the restaurant.

“Are you okay?” you asked.

“Haven’t felt better in years.”

The proprietress, dressed in a lovely kimono the color of autumn ginkgo leaves and a colorful obi made of Nishijin-ori, stood at the genkan and greeted us in the local dialect, “Okoshiyasu.”[2]

We were led through a narrow hall with earthen walls and exposed cedar posts and beams, to a private Japanese-style room with tatami floors, a low-lying table for two, and a tokonoma alcove in which was hung a scroll with illegible calligraphy on it. Outside the glass doors was a modest garden, no bigger than the room we were sitting in, but ablaze in color because the leaves on the maple trees had already turned.

“How lovely!” you exclaimed as we entered the room.

“I knew you would like it.”

We sat down opposite each other at a table so small our knees touched, but I didn’t mind and I don’t think you did, either.

Shortly after ordering lunch, a tokkuri of good nihonshu at room temperature and two o-choko cups were brought to the table. You took the tokkuri and filled my o-choko with the saké, then you filled your own.

“Kampai!” we chimed and knocked the saké back.

“Ah, I needed that!” you exclaimed.

“Oh?” I said, refilling your cup. “Is it stress?”

“Yes! There’s an older woman at work . . .”

“O-tsuboné?”

You grimaced and took a nip of saké.

The o-tsuboné is a legendary fixture in Japanese offices. These proud, usually single female veterans of the office are capable and efficient, but often harbor a thinly veiled resentment of their younger female coworkers who are fawned over by the men in the office. The term originally referred to women of the Imperial Court or in the inner palace of Edo Castle who were in a position of authority.[3]

“The battle-axe won’t give me a break,” you said, emptying your choko. “Every day it’s something. I waste too much paper when making photo copies. I forgot to turn off the light in the ladies’ room. My slippers are dingy and put customers off when they visit. The tea I made in the morning was too bitter. I didn’t fill out some stupid form the right way . . . Ugh . . . That woman—and I’m starting to suspect that she really isn’t one—didn’t even go to college and she’s bossing me around? I sometimes wonder if the person I came down here to replace didn’t get knocked up just so she could escape from that . . . that bitch.”

I filled your choko with saké.

“And to top it all off, she speaks with the harshest Kansai dialect. Every day it’s Akan this! Akan that! Akan! Akan! Akan![4] I’m sorry. I’ve said far too much.”

“Not at all. Get it all out.”

“I never realized how different the . . . the ‘culture’ could be from one prefecture to the next until I started living here. At first, I thought it was just the dialect. But the more I thought about it, the more I realized that the language reflected the mood of a place.”

“Yea?”

“Take ‘Akan’ for example. Conversations here often start off on a negative note. In Hakata, we ask ‘Is it yoka? Is it okay, if I do this or that?” Here, it’s always: ‘If I do this or that, will it be akan? Will it be wrong? Will you get angry?’”

“Interesting. I never thought of it that way. But now that you mention it . . .”

“I really don’t want to talk about it, or that bitch, anymore. So, how’s your work going?”

“Like a dream. I’m busier than ever, but . . . It doesn’t really feel like work.”

“It must be nice.”

“Oh, trust me, I, too, have had my fair share of o-tsuboné, too.”

“At the university?”

“No, no, no. Long before I ever started teaching at the university level.”

“Tell me about it.”

“It’s much too long a story and I wouldn’t want to bore you with lurid tales of jealousy and heartbreak and back-stabbing.”[5]

“Now you have to tell me!”

“Someday, perhaps.”

And then you asked if I had taken my seminar students to the farmhouse.

“No.”

“Oh? Why not?”

“To be quite frank, I knew it wouldn’t be the same without you . . .”

Your tone changed markedly: “Sensei, I hope you haven’t been doing those sorts of things for your own benefit. The students are there to be taught by you, to learn from you, to be inspired by you. They aren’t just there for your entertainment.”

“I know. I know. And I agree with you completely. It’s just that your participation last year, your presence had a way of raising the whole experience to a new level. After you graduated, I knew it would be . . . Let’s just say, yours is a hard act to follow. I knew it would be impossible to fake the enthusiasm, so I decided to take a break. At any rate, this new project, H.I.P. . . .”

And then you burst out laughing.

“Hip!”

Now whenever I say H.I.P. I can’t help but laugh, too, which, I’m afraid, has a way of taking all the urgency and importance of the project.

“But, you’re right. I should be thinking more about the students’ needs and less about mine.”

“Atta boy,” you said, patting my hand.

Just then the waitress arrived with two trays of exquisitely presented food. I held up the empty tokkuri and gestured for another bottle of nihonshu.

Even though I wasn’t all that hungry—I had eaten a tempura teishoku set meal only an hour and a half earlier—the food at Endō was just too good not to dig in: delicately fried garland chrysanthemum, fresh wasabi leaves, slices of satsumaimo sweet potato and yamaimo yam, burdock root, crisp lotus root, and on and on. By the time we were finished I was ready to explode.

As the waitress knelt down besides us and began clearing away the dishes, the proprietress came into the room and asked in her soft Kyōto dialect if we would like some bubuzuke.

“Bubuzuke?” you asked. “What is that?”

“It’s a kind of chazuke.” Bubuzuke, I explained, was a light dish of rice topped with a variety of ingredients such as pickles or small bites of fish, wasabi, and confetti-like seaweed called momi nori sprinkled on top. Over all of this is poured piping hot green tea.

“It sounds wonderful,” you interjected. “I’d love some!”

“No thank you,” I told the hostess firmly. “I’m afraid we haven’t got the time . . .”

Kana, the look you gave me could have killed, so once the hostess and waitress had left the room, I whispered: “I’ll tell you all about it once we’re outside.”

Later, as we walked up Yasaka Dori, the Yasaka no To Pagoda of Hokan-ji rising ahead of us, I explained that in Kyōto asking a guest if he wanted some bubuzuke was the passive-aggressive equivalent of tossing him out the window.[6]

Hearing this, you softened, stepped closer to me, and took my arm.

“How did you get to be so smart?”

“I hope to God that this isn’t smart.”

“No, seriously.”

“Well, by asking questions, for one. By being curious. By wondering why things were the way they were. By reading . . .”

Just before we reached the pagoda, I asked: “You’ve been to Kiyomizu-dera, right?”

“Yes.”

“Good. Then, there’s no reason for us to go there today and deal with the crowds.”

We turned left and headed north down a narrow, cobbled road. Before long, the hordes of tourists posing with their goddamn selfie-sticks thinned out, then disappeared altogether, and we were walking slowly along a quiet street lined with clay walls, old houses and Buddhist temples.

“It’s these subdued pockets, like this neighborhood, not the famous temples and their gaudy souvenir shops and matcha ice cream stands, that are the real charm of Kyōto,” I said. “Unfortunately, the people of Kyōto don’t seem to know it.”

I could have walked all day with you on my arm, but by the time we had reached Chion-in, I could see you were tired. We climbed the stairs leading up to the massive, wooden sanmon gate of the temple and sat down. The city of Kyōto spread out before us, the western mountains—Karasuga-daké, Atago-yama, Taku-san—beyond it.

“Your feet must be killing you,” I said.

“It’s not just my feet.” You gestured at the obi that was tied tightly around your waist. “I want to take this off.”

And I wanted to help you out of it, but judging by the small handbag in your lap, I suspected that you hadn’t brought so much as a change of tabi socks with you.[7]

It was still only three-thirty in the afternoon, but it felt much later, as if evening was fast approaching. Living as long as I had in Hakata, in the southwest of Japan, I took it for granted that the sky remained light well into the evening, but here. The combination of the coordinates and the mountains to the west, meant shadows started to grow much earlier.[8]

“Do you have a curfew?” I asked half-jokingly.

“I do, actually.”

“Really?” I didn’t know whether to be appalled or amused.

“Yes. They’ve got me housed in a company dorm. It’s only temporary, of course, because I might be transferred again in the spring.”

“Is that what you’re hoping for?”

“Yes. No. Oh, I don’t know. I like this town, believe it or not, and want to get to know it better, to explore every part of . . .”

I was dying to explore every part of you.

“. . . but there’s that horrid woman in my office.” 

“The o-tsuboné.”

“If it wasn’t for her, I’d be quite happy to live here for a year or two.”

“So, what time’s your curfew?!”

“Ten-thirty.”

“TEN-THIRTY!”

“Silly, isn’t it?”

“I didn’t realize you had to take your Holy Orders when you joined the company.”

“I do sometimes feel like a nun.”[9]

“Unbelievable. Say, Kana, have you been to Shōgun-zuka?”

“I don’t think so.”

“You would know if you had.”

“Where is it?”

I pointed to a flight of stairs behind us: “Five hundred meters up.”

“You don’t expect me to . . .” 

“No, no. There is a mountain path that leads up to the top, but, don’t worry, we can hail a taxi and get there in about ten minutes.”

“Let’s go then.”

 

Part of the Shōrenin temple complex in the eastern mountains of Kyōto, Shōgun-zuka is a two-meter-high mound at the top of the mountain, buried inside of which is a clay statue of a general, or shōgun, adorned with armor, an iron bow and arrow, and swords.[10] Near the mound is the Shōgun-zuka Seiryū-den, a prayer hall, behind which is a broad wooden deck that offers one of the best views of Kyōto and the surrounding mountains.

“I never knew this place existed,” you said, and hurried excitedly to the edge. “It’s lovely.” 

“Beats the view from that god-awful Kyōto Tower, doesn’t it? What on earth were they think . . .”

“Oh, I can see my dorm from here!”

“Where?”

“See the station?”

“How could you miss it?” The modern station was almost as insulting to the history and sensibility of the city as that ugly tower.[11]

“See where the train tracks cross the Kamo River there?”

“Yes . . .”

“The next bridge just to south is Kujō. Go west from there and you can see a large apartment building.”

“That’s where you live?”

“No. I live near that. How ‘bout you? Where are you staying?”

“The Monterey,” I answered. And, standing close behind you, I placed my left hand on your obi, and took your right hand in mine. Pointing it to a large rectangle of green in the center of the city, I said: “You know what that is, don’t you?”

“Kyōto Gyoen.”

“That’s right, the Imperial Palace and Gardens. Now follow that line from the southwestern corner of the gardens and continue south past that big thoroughfare, Oiké Dōri, and down about two blocks. Right about . . . there, I think.”

Your cheek rested gently against mine, so I put my hands around your waist, pulled you in tight and listened to you breathe . . . in . . . and . . . out . . . slow . . . and . . . deep . . . in . . . and . . . out.

“Sensei?” you began slowly, in a hushed voice. “I want to go to you to your hotel room, but . . .”

“But, what . . .?”

“But I . . . I can’t.”

“Why not?”

“That stupid curfew, for one. But, more than that, I have to be at work by seven-thirty tomorrow morning.”

“So early?”

“The president of our company will be paying us a visit with some local officials. That’s why I couldn’t get away this morning. We had to get everything in order. We only had one days’ notice. I’m so sorry.”

“Kana, don’t apologize. I didn’t come to Kyōto today with any assumptions. I came here to see you. And I have. And I couldn’t be happier.”

You turned around in my arms and pressed your face into my chest and I thought my heart would explode.

“Will you come to see me again soon?”

“Of course, I will.”

You looked up and gave me the biggest smile. I probably should have kissed you right then and there, but we weren’t alone on that deck. And besides, who, but perhaps an uncommitted cenobite, would want his first kiss to be at a Buddhist temple?

We remained on the deck for several minutes more and watched the sun set over the western mountains.

“If you don’t mind,” you said after a while, “there’s a place I’d like to you to take me.”

“Oh? And where would that be?”



[1] Kitsuke (着付け) lessons teach primarily women the proper way to wear a kimono. 

[2] There are two ways to say “Welcome” in the Kyōto dialect: oideyasu (おいでやす) and okoshiyasu (お越しやす). Oideyasu is the more commonly used, and one of the Kyōto phrases most people in Japan are familiar with. Okoshiyasu expresses the feeling that the guests have gone out of their way to come or have come from far away. 

[3] Today’s unflattering image of the o-tsuboné (お局) originated from the period drama “Kasuga no Tsuboné” (春日局, Lady Kasuga) which aired on NHK television in 1989.

[4] Akan (あかん) is a widely known saying from the Kansai region (including the prefectures of Ōsaka, Kyōto, Hyōgo, Nara, Wakayama, Shiga, and Mie), which can mean “No!” “Impossible!” “Wrong!” “Hopeless!” “I can’t!” “Incompetent” “You mustn’t do that!” “Stop it!” “Don’t!” “No way!” and so on. Akan is an abbreviation of rachi akanu (埒明かぬ), meaning “to be in disorder” or “to make little or no progress”. A more polite way to say akan is akimahen, but that doesn’t quite convey the irritation, contempt or urgency of “Akan!”

[5] See A Woman’s Nails.

[6] “Kyoto is full of little danger signs which the uninitiated can easily miss. Everyone in Japan has heard the legendary story of bubuzuke (‘tea on rice’). ‘Won’t you stay and have some bubuzuke?’ asks your Kyoto host, and this means that it is time to go. When you become attuned to Kyoto, a comment like this sets off an alarm system. On the surface, you are smiling, but inside your brain, read lights start flashing, horns blare Aaooga, aaooga! And people dash for cover. The old Mother Goddess of Oomoto, Naohi Deguchi, once described how you should accept tea in Kyoto. ‘Do not drink the whole cup,’ she said. ‘After you leave, your hosts will say, ‘They practically drank us out of house and home!’ But, don’t leave it undrunk, either. Then they will say, ‘How unfriendly not to drink our tea!’ Drink just half a cup.’”

From Alex Kerr’s must-read Lost Japan, Lonely Planet Publications, Melbourne, 1996, pp. 173-174.

[7] Tabi (足袋, literally “leg+bag”) are traditional Japanese-style socks with pouches that separate the big toe from the other toes. 

[8] On November 28th, the sun rises at 6:30 in the morning in Tōkyō and sets at 4:28 in the afternoon. In Kyōto, it rises at 6:44 and sets at 4:46, but, again, because of those mountains in the west it appears to get darker sooner; and in Fukuoka, the sun rises at 7:02 and sets almost thirty minutes later at 5:11.

[9] Ama-san (尼さん) are what nuns of various faiths, including Catholicism, are called in Japan. Bikuni (比丘尼, bhiksunī) is another name for female monastic members of Buddhist communities.

[10] According to Shōrenin’s website: 

“When Emperor Kanmu shifted the capital from Nara to Nagaoka to the south of Kyoto, several accidents occurred continuously. One day, Waké no Kiyomaro invited the Emperor to the mound atop the mountain. Looking down at the Kyōto basin, he suggested to the Emperor to shift his capital here because the land was very suitable for this purpose. The Emperor heeded his advice and began the construction of the capital, Heian Kyō, in 794 AD.

“The Emperor constructed a clay statue of a general, 2.5 meters in height. He adorned the statue with armors [sic], an iron bow and arrow, and swords before he buried it in the mound, as a guardian of the capital. Therefore, the place is known as Shōgunzuka.

“. . . It is believed that . . . political giants stood at this very place and decided to build a wealthy nation, when looking down at the towns of Kyōto.”

[11] Of the modern station, which is almost as insulting to the history and sensibility of the city as that ugly Tower, Alex Kerr wrote: “There could be no greater proof of Kyoto’s hatred for Kyoto.” Kerr, Alex, Lost Japan. Melbourne: Lonely Planet Publications, 1996, p.180.


The first chapter of A Woman’s Tears can be found here.

注意:この作品は残念がらフィクションです。登場人物、団体等、実在のモノとは一切関係ありません。

All characters appearing in this work are unfortunately fictitious. Any resemblance to real persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.

This and other works are, or will be, available in e-book form and paperback at Amazon.

In Dating, Japanese Architecture, Japanese Language, Japanese Women, Travel Tags Hotel Granvia, Kyoto in WWII, Kyoto Tower, Kyoto, Kyoto Station, tsumugi kimono, Kitsuke, Tempura, Kyoto Dialect, Kansai Dialect, Hakata Dialect, Kenminsei, 県民性, Nihonshu, Tsubone, Meaning of otsubone, Bubuzuke, Shorenji, Shogunzuka
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Blessed

March 18, 2021

Back when I did a lot of translation work, there was a phrase that I was forced time and again to render into English: utsukushii shizen ni megumareta (美しい自然に恵まれた, lit. “blessed with beautiful nature”). I would translate it in a variety of ways, such as “The prefecture is blessed with bountiful nature”, “The city is surrounded by lots of natural beauty”, or “The town is surrounded by beautiful nature.” Or even, “It is located in an idyllic natural setting.” I found that if I took too much poetic license in my translations, they invariably came back to me with “You left out ‘beautiful’” or “You failed to mention ‘nature’ in your translation”. Whatever.

The thing that killed me when I was doing these translations is that I would look out my window at the jumble of telephone wires and cables, the lack of trees, the concrete poured over anything and everything that hadn’t been moving at the time, the gray balconies and staircases stretching as far as the eye could see and shout, “Where the hell is the ‘beautiful nature’? Tell me!! Where is it?!?!”

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Having grown up in the west coast of the United States, I know what unspoilt nature is supposed to look like. In my twenty years in Japan, however, I have yet to find a place that has not been touched by the destructive hand of man despite having seen quite a bit of the country. Mountains that have stood since time immemorial are now “reinforced” with an ugly layer of concrete; rivers and creeks are little more than concrete sluices; and Japan’s once beautiful coastline is an unsightly jumble of tetrapods—concrete blocks resembling jacks—that are supposed to serve as breakwaters but do very little in reality.

 The uglification of Japan has been well documented in Alex Kerr’s excellent and highly recommended books Lost Japan and Dogs and Demons.

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"Today's earthworks use concrete in myriad inventive forms: slabs, steps, bars, bricks, tubes, spikes, blocks, square and cross-shaped buttresses, protruding nipples, lattices, hexagons, serpentine walls topped by iron fences, and wire nets," he writes in Dogs and Demons.

"Tetrapod may be an unfamiliar word to readers who have not visited Japan and seen them lined up by the hundreds along bays and beaches. They look like oversized jacks with four concrete legs, some weighing as much as 50 tons. Tetrapods, which are supposed to retard beach erosion, are big business. So profitable are they to bureaucrats that three different ministries — of Transport, of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and of Construction — annually spend 500 billion yen each, sprinkling tetrapods along the coast, like three giants throwing jacks, with the shore as their playing board.

These projects are mostly unnecessary or worse than unnecessary. It turns out that wave action on tetrapods wears the sand away faster and causes greater erosion than would be the case if the beaches had been left alone."†

One of Japan’s recurring problems is that once something has been set into motion it is often difficult to change course. As a result, by the early 90s more than half of Japan’s coastline had already been blighted by these ugly tetrapods. I dread to know what the figure is today.

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One of first of my imaginary political party’s[1] campaign promises is to form a Ministry of De-construction that would remove unnecessary dams, tetrapods, concrete reinforcements, and so on. The idea is to put the ever so important general construction industry to work by undoing all of their mistakes. Second, where the dams, reinforcements and tetrapods were truly necessary, they would be concealed in such a way to look as natural as possible. Third, the electric cables would be buried. Fourth, there were would be stronger zoning and city planning to reign in urban and suburban sprawl. (Too late?) Create compact, highly dense cities that were separated from each other by areas of farming, natural reserves, and parks. (One thing I can’t get is how in a country with as large a population as Japan’s and land as limited put vertical limits on construction—Fukuoka City once had a limit of 15 stories). Fifth, reintroduce diversity to the nation’s forests. No more rows upon rows of cedar that not only look ugly, but give everyone hay fever in the spring.

Unfortunately, none of these things are bound to happen anytime soon. The Japanese are so accustomed to being told in speeches and pamphlets that their town or city is blessed with beautiful nature that they have come to believe it despite what they surely must see with their own eyes.

Familiarity sometimes breeds content.


[1] I call my party Nattoku Tô (なっとく党, The Party of Consent/Understanding/Reasonableness). It is a play on the sound of the local Hakata dialect and with the right intonation can me “You got that?” “Can you assent to that?”

†Kerr, Alex, Dogs and Demons: The Fall of Modern Japan, London: Penguin Books Ltd., 2001, p.289.

In Japanese Architecture, Japanese Politics, Life in Japan
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Rashomon

March 18, 2021

Thanks to Akira Kurosawa’s 1950 classic film “Rashōmon” (羅生門), which itself was based in part on a short story of the same name by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa†, the name by which most foreigners know the gate differs from the modern name of the gate, Rajōmon, which uses the original kanji (羅城門, where 羅城 rajō refers to the city walls and 門 mon means “gate”). Ra (羅) means a thin, light fabric or netting and 城 (jō, shiro, or sei) means “castle”. Rajōmon was the larger of the two main city gates built in 789 during the Heian Period (794–1185). It measured 32 meters wide by 7.9 meters high and had a 23-meter high stone wall and topped by a ridge-pole. By the 12th century the gate had fallen into disrepair. Today, nothing remains of the fabled gate, except for a stone marker and a bus stop.

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† The plot of the movie and characters are actually based upon Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s short story "In a Grove", with the title and framing story being based on his “Rashōmon”.

In Film, Japanese Architecture, Japanese History, Japanese Literature Tags Akira Kurosawa, Rashōmon, 羅生門, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Rajōmon, 羅城門, Heian Period
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Hakata Station

March 17, 2021

Note: I originally wrote this piece in 2011, a week before the Tōhoku Earthquake and Tsunami. The opening day extravaganza which had been planned and was supposed to include a flyover by the Blue Impulse was cancelled.

In less than a week's time, the new Hakata Station, JR Hakata City, will open. Featuring two new department stores, Hankyû and Tôkyû Hands, and more than 200 specialty shops and restaurants, the new station building is expected to become a game changer not only in the already competitive retail market of Fukuoka City, but of Kyûshû's, as well. Major department store chain Daimaru has closed its Nagasaki branch to focus on younger shoppers in Fukuoka.  

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The opening of the station coincides with the completion of a new shinkansen line, linking Fukuoka with Kagoshima City in the south in an hour and nineteen minutes. By comparison, the same trip by car takes over three hours. The new bullet train service is expected to bring in ever more shoppers and tourists from neighboring prefectures to the city and to meet the demand of this potential consumer frenzy, some 7000 people have been hired. (Knock on wood.) Considering that Fukuoka already has several department stores, many of which are struggling to cope with changing demographics and a weak economy, I have my doubts. The projects always look good on paper, and they certainly create a lot of excitement, but time and time again, they have failed to produce the kinds of results that had initially been forecasted by the developers. Super Brand City, which has for the most part become a sparkling ghost town (Shall we call it Super Bland City?), and that albatross known as Island City come to mind. (Japanese developers have a weakness for the word "City".) 

Note: the above was written before Abe became PM for the second time and opened the floodgates of inbound tourists. Hakata City was PACKED almost every day until the coronavirus pandemic struck. So odd how unpredictable life can be.

While I am often skeptical of major development projects like these, I must say that I have been impressed with what I've seen of the new station so far. It has bright, wide open areas, ceilings have been raised, and the extensive use of white tiles and glass in the interior design all lend it a spaciousness that the former station lacked. The old station, built in the early 60s, was a dismal example of the architecture of its time. Like so many buildings built in Japan in the 60s, it was not seriously intended for human use.

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The most insulting thing about the former station is that it replaced a gorgeously designed station that had been constructed more than half a century earlier. Today, nothing remains of the original, which was located a few blocks northwest of today’s station. The brick and copper plate exterior, the marble restrooms, the beautiful mantelpiece that was said to have been in the third-class waiting room—all of it was all brought down with a wrecking ball.

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Many Japanese will counter that the original station had been badly damaged in the aerial bombings during the war, but that is, frankly, a lousy excuse for the ugly architecture that has blighted the cityscapes in Japan. Much of Germany, Poland, and Belgium suffered far more destruction, and yet they managed to rebuild their cities, brick by brick, restoring what had been lost. And, as a result, many cities in those countries (I'm thinking in particular of Warsaw's historic Old Town) have been registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

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And so, once again it is out with the old, in with the new. Time marches on, one step forward, two steps back, three steps forward, one step back, and it sometimes feels like we're actually getting somewhere.

In Japanese Architecture Tags Hakata Station
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Kingo Tatsuno

March 11, 2021

A few years ago, I went on a quest to find the only surviving private home designed by a prolific Meiji Era architect named Kingo Tatsuno (辰野金吾). Built in 1912 for Kenjiro Matsumoto, an industrialist and founder of a private training school for engineers called Meiji Vocational School (today's Kyushu Institute of Technology), the house is currently used by the West Japan Industrial Club (西日本工業倶楽部).

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Originally from Karatsu in Saga Prefecture, Kingo Tatsuno studied at the Imperial College of Engineering, becoming one of the first to graduate in 1879 under British architect Josiah Conder. After graduating, Tatsuno went to England where he studied at London University and worked in the office of the Gothic Revivalist William Burges in 1881-2. Before returning to Japan he traveled throughout France and Italy for a year, during which time he was influenced by the Queen Anne style. Upon his return to Japan, Tatsuno taught at the University of Tokyo, and in 1903, started his own architectural firm.

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In 1886, Tatsuno was one of the founders of the forerunner of the Architectural Institute of Japan, which was then called "The Building Institute" and based upon the Royal Institute of British Architects.

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Kingo Tatsuno's close ties with Shibusawa Eiichi, a Japanese industrialist widely considered the "father of Japanese capitalism", brought him the commission to design the Bank of Japan, which was completed in 1896.

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Tatsuno had a strong influence over Japanese colonial architecture - particularly in Manchukuo, where his association with Okada Engineering, the Association of Japanese Architects (日本建築学界), and the new Journal of Manchurian Architecture (満州建築雑誌), helped insure that an architectural style popularized by Tatsuno and called the Tatsuno style (辰野式) became the standard throughout the Japanese colony. 

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Other buildings of note, include the Bankers' Association Assembly Rooms, Sakamoto-cho, Tokyo (1885), Shibusawa Mansion, Kabutocho, Tokyo (1888), College of Engineering, Tokyo Imperial University, Hongo (1888), the National Sumo Arena, Kuramae, Tokyo (1909), the original school building of Kyushu Institute of Technology (1909),  Manseibashi Station (1912), and Tokyo Station (1914). 

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My first introduction to Kingo Tatsuno's architecture was the former branch office of Japan Mutual Life Insurance Company (日本生命保険相互会社) located in Tenjin, Fukuoka City. Learning that the architect of this beautiful brick building (known as the Fukuoka City Akarenga Cultural Center today) had also designed Tôkyô Station, I became eager to know more about the man and his work.

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One thing that I find absolutely flabbergasting is how few Japanese know of Kingo Tatsuno today. While your average America might not be able to name a particular work of Frank Lloyd Wright, I think he would be able to say he'd heard of the architect. Not so with poor Tatsuno. His iconic works remain, but his name does not.

In the coming months, I will travel to the hometown of the architect where a bank he designed still stands. 


Comment from a Mr. Andrew C.:

“So interesting. I lived in Fukuoka in the years 1978-79 and 'part of 81. I always liked that red brick building and noiticed it resembled other landmarks of the early 20th century. I missed it the last time I was there in '09 we never went down that street, nice to know it survives! I saw one a really big one of these "Tatsono" structures in Taipei two years ago and know instantly it was a Japanese colonial HQ of some sort.

“I really appreciate that you have noticed the nice neighbohoods around Fukuoka. I spent many hours wondering around btween Yakuin (i lived in a total dump there - long gone). Most of the flat areas have been converted to high rises it seems, in the late 1970s the area around Yakuin was single family a two story apartments. There are nice hill streets along the west side of Yakuin. The zoo area is ful of jewels as well.
I will read the rest of your entries.”

In Japanese Architecture, Japanese History Tags Tatsuno Kingo, 辰野金吾, West Japan Industrial Club, West Japan Industrial Club (西日本工業倶楽部)., 西日本工業倶楽部, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Meiji Era Architecture, Josiah Conder, Gothic Revivalism, William Burges, Queen Anne Style, University of Tokyo, Bank of Japan Building, Tokyo Station, Tatsuno Style, 辰野式, Japan Mutual Life Insurance Company, 日本生命保険相互会社
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Zakimi Gusuku

March 2, 2021

Zakimi Castle (座喜味城 Zakimi Gusuku) is a gusuku, or Okinawan fortress, located in Yomitan, Okinawa Prefecture. Built between 1416 and 1422 by the Ryûkyûan militarist Gosamaru, the castle oversaw the northern portion of the Okinawan mainland, then known as the Hokuzan Kingdom. The gusuku fortress has two inner courts, each with an arched gate. This is Okinawa's first stone arch gate featuring the unique keystone masonry of the Ryûkyûs. 

During World War II, the castle was used as a gun emplacement by the Japanese army, and after the war it was used as a radar station by the US forces. Some of the walls were destroyed in order to install the radar equipment, but they have since been restored.

Zakimi Castle, along with Shuri Castle and several other related sites in Okinawa, were desiganted a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 2000 in time for the G8 summit that was held in the prefecture. They are also designated a National Historical Site.

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Itchē naran (いっちぇ〜ならん) Do not enter.

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In Travel, Japanese History, Japanese Architecture Tags Zakimi Gusuku, Zakimi Castle, 座喜味城, Gusuku, Okinawan Fortress, Yomitan Okinawa, Okinawa, Ryukyu, Gosamaru, Shuri Castle, Group of Eight Summit
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Worm's-Eye View of Tokyo

February 3, 2021
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In Japanese Architecture, Photography Tags Tokyo, Modern Architecture, Skyscrapers of Tokyo, Tokyo Sky Tree
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Nakagin Capsule Tower

January 24, 2021

Completed in 1972, the Nakagin Capsule Tower in Ginza is one of the few remaining examples of Japanese Metabolism, "an architectural movement emblematic of Japan's postwar cultural resurgence". It was created by Kisho Kurokawa, the architect who also designed The National Art Center in Roppongi, Tōkyō.

According to Dr. Geeta Mehta, “It was an important building at one time . . . it’s a landmark of a whole period of metabolism when people thought that the important issues of the world could be solved with architecture . . . and futuristic utopian, which figured out ways to build buildings incrementally. They could be added to . . . Their structures and services could be articulated . . .”

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   For an interesting interview with the architect Kisho Kurokawa, click here.

In Japanese Architecture Tags Nakagin Capsule Tower, Ginza, Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese Architecture, Japanese Metabolism, National Art Center
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Maho Manshon

January 20, 2021

Thermoses in Japan are known as mahōbin (magic bottles). And magic they are! You can put ice cubes and water in one and, hey presto, 24 hours later the ice still hasn’t melted, even in the middle of summer. And vice versa with boiling hot water. So, why can’t I have a mahō manshon; in other words, an apartment that stays warm in winter and cool in summer?

It was a crisp two degrees when I woke this morning and I could see my breath. Mind you, that was, inside our shinshitsu, or the tatami-floored room where my wife, two young sons and I sleep, huddled together for warmth like polar bears. When the alarm went off, I crawled out from beneath three layers of kaké-buton duvet and blankets, pulled on a pair of Heat Tech long-johns, heavy socks, and a sweatshirt to face the harsh elements of my kitchen where I brewed a cup of coffee to help myself thaw out.

About ten years ago, we bought a fan heater that could be connected to the gas main in the kitchen. Let me tell you, I felt like Prometheus! With a flick of a switch, the heater kicked to life and the richest, deepest heat, like hot bath water flowed over me. Now every morning, when my boys wake, they amble two paces out of the shinshitsu and then lie down like cats before the heater, unwilling to budge for the next thirty minutes.

The thing is, no matter how cozy that heater of ours can get the room, as soon as it’s turned off, the warmth dissipates as if the very soul of our living room is being frittered away. 

While the persistent cold is bad enough, my pet peeve is the moisture that forms on the windows overnight. Every morning, my boys—armed with special squeegees that have a receptacle in the handle—scrape the dew off, collecting two, sometimes four, cups worth. I have suggested to my wife that we drink it to re-capture the life-force that is being robbed from us in the dead of the night.

It doesn’t have to be this way, does it? Why a friend of mine in Iceland told me that even when it’s -10℃ outside, he can leave the window open and it will still be a comfortable 25℃ inside. Even a DIY amateur like myself can see that there are simple solutions to these problems. Better insulating, weather-stripping, and double-glazed windows are just a few things that come to mind, but I seldom see them in the wild. So, what gives? Why do the Japanese who are by no means poor, live as if they were?

Whenever I bring these annoyances up with my Japanese friends, they tell me the same thing: “Oh, Crowe-san, but Japanese homes are built for summer, not for winter.” To which I can’t help but shoot back: “You don’t really believe that, do you? Built for summer? Built to trap in the heat and humidity that prevents you from getting a proper night’s sleep for two months of the year? Really? Really?”

Sigh.

What I suspect, though, is that many manshon here are not built to last much longer than forty years or so. Yes, some of the better-built ones today could theoretically continue to be lived in 100 years from now, but all you have to do is look at the condos that were built in the 80s to imagine how today’s ones will look in only thirty years’ time—shabby and cramped, the sun blocked by more modern and taller neighbors. And because they aren’t built to last, corners are cut—mind you, not on safety, because Japanese buildings are some of the safest in the world—but rather on comfort. Why spend extra money on something that’s eventually going to be demolished, seems to be the thinking.

The same is true, if not more so, for houses. Several years ago, there was a fascinating paper published by the Nomura Research Institute (NRI) that has since been quoted by nearly every article written on the Japanese housing market since. (For some reason, the original article no longer exists; it has been bulldozed and scrapped like many older homes in Japan.) The article, summarized in a Freakonomics podcast on Japanese houses, claimed that despite Japan’s shrinking population, the number of new homes built every year was on par with that of the United States, which has three times the population. Per capita, Japan also has triple the number of architects as America and twice as many construction workers. So, what gives?

One reason for this is that houses are for all intents and purposes all-but worthless after only fifteen years according to the NRI paper, and thirty years by more conservative estimates. Again, why use the best materials when you’re just going to smash a wrecking ball into the place within a generation? And so, what you have today are charmless plastic boxes with thin walls and single-paned windows that are for the most part disposable.

I once stayed in an apartment in the hip Trastevere neighborhood of Rome. Inside, it was as comfortable as you could hope, with high ceilings, a rather spacious designer kitchen, and a modern, though somewhat small, bathroom. The building itself was over seven hundred years old and beautiful—700 years!—as were most of the buildings in Trastevere. And no one, but only a heartless real-estate developer perhaps, would ever consider tearing one of those treasures down. And isn’t that what architecture should be, a treasure, something that adds value to the land over the long run rather than being little more than a temporary tenant that will eventually wear out its welcome?

Ah, but I digress and now my coffee has gotten cold and so have I.

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Sources:

              http://freakonomics.com/podcast/why-are-japanese-homes-disposable-a-new-freakonomics-radio-podcast-3/

In Japanese Architecture, Life in Japan, Winter in Japan Tags Cold Japanese Homes, Why Japanese Houses Don't Last, Disposable Homes, Buying a House in Japan, Renting an Apartment, Heating a Japanese Apartment, Mahobin, Japanese Thermos
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Gokusho Machi

December 28, 2020

Fukuoka is a great place to live. That said, like any town, it does have some drawbacks. For me as a foreign resident of the city, it is the scarcity of traditional Japanese architecture. The only area in Fukuoka that still has a handful of fairly-well maintained machiya-style townhouses and temples and shrines all within a short walking distance of each other is Gokusho Machi (御供所町). Located less than ten-minutes’ walk from Hakata Station, you’ll find Japan’s oldest Zen Buddhist temple, Shofuku-ji (聖福寺) pictured here as well as Jōten-ji (承天寺), which claims to be the place where udon, soba, manjū, and, I believe, uiro were first introduced to Japan.

The best time to visit the area is in autumn when the maples of the temples are ablaze in color. Even then, it tends to be very quiet.

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These photos were taken several years ago. For some reason, this year’s momiji were not as beautiful as in year’s past.

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The name Gokusho (御供所) is a reference to the function the area used to have as a place (所) to purchase offerings (御供えもの, o-sonae-mono) to be made at Hakozaki-gū Shrine (箱崎宮) located just beyond from the Mikasa River.

From Wiki: 日本においては、神々に感謝・祈願し霊を鎮めるため神社などに供物を捧げる習慣が、古来から神道儀礼として定着しており、とりわけ稲作中心の農耕文化であったため、気象条件により年によっては凶作となった。そこで、新米など新しい五穀を供えてその年の収穫に感謝し、豊作を祈願する稲作儀礼がさかんに行なわれ、農耕に限らず、神社信仰においては、大漁、安産、地鎮祭、七五三詣などはもとより私的な細事に至るまで、日頃から供物を捧げて祈願する。神社などの儀礼施設に限らず、個人の居宅にも神棚を設けて、榊や灯明とともに神饌と呼ばれる供物を捧げることにより家内安全や招福を祈願し、今日でもその伝統は残されている。その一端として皇室で行なわれる新嘗祭や大嘗祭にもその儀礼が伝わっている。

If I have the chance, I will translate the Wiki page later.

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In additional to the area’s autumn foliage, another highlight of the Gokusho are a number of light-up events held during the season. This is from Fukuoka City's website, something I translated years ago:

“Matsushita hails from a family of carpenters who specialized in building shrines and temples. The opportunity to start a career as a lighting designer also came about through working with sacred buildings. 'The way shrines and temples take in light is very good,' says Matsushita. 'It's difficult for a woman to get involved in shrine and temple carpentry, but then it dawned on me that even a woman like me could work with light.’

“Matsushita is the general producer of the Gokusho Light Up Walk, an event held every autumn in which the historical temples in Gokusho are beautifully illuminated. Areas, which are normally off limits, are opened to the public and bathed in dreamy light. It has become a popular event at which visitors can experience Fukuoka's eternal history. 'The Gokusho area is an area no one normally ventures into at night,' says the lighting designer. ‘Jōten-ji, however, is where Hakata ori (textiles), udon and soba originated. Tōchō-ji was founded by Kōbō-Daishi (also known as Kūkai), who was a Buddhist monk, scholar, poet, and artist. And, Myōraku-ji has a long connection to the merchants of Hakata. There are so many marvelous treasures sleeping there. I wish more people could realize how beautiful it is.’ Matsushita hopes the festival will continue for a hundred years, growing ever livelier at the hands of ordinary people.”

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In Autumn in Japan, Japanese Architecture, Life in Fukuoka Tags Gokusho Machi, 御供所町, 承天寺, Jotenji, 聖福寺, Shofuku-ji, Gokusho Light Up Walk, Gokusho Light Up
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IMG_2610.JPG

Your Tax Dollars at Leisure

December 9, 2020

Although I was once a "Young Republican", today I consider myself a moderate Libertarian†. I can appreciate the need for Keynesian-style stimulus spending in times of recession and higher taxes to help reduce budget deficits, BUT nothing brings out my inner curmudgeon quite like seeing government money, my taxes, going to waste. 

Two years ago I posed some questions for our newly elected mayor. One of them was: "Throughout Japan, and in Fukuoka, too, many historical spots are indicated by little more than concrete posts stating that this is the location that such and such happened. This is a missed opportunity to make the history live, to build authentic sightseeing spots. How can Fukuoka better highlight its historical heritage?" I also asked: "Many of the parks are poorly maintained. Gardeners come in only once every few months, hack at the weeds, trim limbs, and then leave the parks to be overrun with weeds, garbage, and the homeless once again. What can the city do to better maintain these areas, to make them places people would be happy to visit?"

Now, I'll be damned if in two short years the city didn't go on to address both of these issues head on. Maizuru Park where the ruins of Fukuoka Castle are located now has a regular crew of gardeners (most of whom are mentally retarded*) which tends to the flower boxes and generally keeps the park clean. And this visitor center located in the park was recently opened. Progress!

I have two problems with the center, though. One is the design which has nothing to do with Fukuoka Castle or the other structures in the area.

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For instance, all of the restrooms in the park look like this:

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White washed walls, known as shirakabe (白壁) with a gray border along the bottom half, reminiscent of townhouses in the Edo and Meiji eras.

Why didn't the city build a visitor center in this or a similar style, something that would have been both interesting for tourists to see and would have been in keeping with the previously established theme? The architectural style of this new building has nothing to do with the culture of Japan or Fukuoka. It's a missed opportunity, to say the least.

The second, and bigger, of the two problems with the visitor center is the price. How much do you think it cost?

Take a wild guess? Make it wilder . . . You're still cold. You're not even close, my friend.

The Fukuoka Jō Mukashi Tanbōkan ((福岡城むかし探訪館)) cost a whopping 70 to 80 million yen to build. (The Yomiuri Shimbun has the price at "about 70 million", and NHK reported recently that the center cost 78 million yen.) In dollars that comes to between $875,000 ~ $975,000. Almost a million bucks! And that is for the structure alone. The city didn't need to buy the land (usually the most expensive part of a structure) it was built upon. Imagine what your home would look like if you had put that much money into its construction. It would be fitted with saunas and Jacuzzis, heated floors, an elevator for your cars, a gorgeous designer kitchen, a wine cellar, living quarters for the help, and so on.

Obviously someone made a killing off of this little projects and it worries me to no end that the citizens of this city don't rise up and voice their disgust and anger. Instead, they just shrug.

The consumption tax is going to be doubled in a number of years, but as long as projects like these continue to waste money hand over fist Japan's massive public debt will never be addressed.

Your tax dollars at leisure.

Originally posted in 2012.

___________________________ 

†There is an excellent online tool which plots your opinions on political and economical matters on a "compass" and compares them with the policies and beliefs of political leaders, past and present.

Winston Churchill reportedly said, "If you aren't liberal at 20, you haven't got a heart; if you aren't conservative at 40, you haven't got a head." If that is true, then I was a heartless youth, and today at the age of 46 I am not sufficiently curmudgeonly for my age.

*By the way, you can holster your offense at my use of the word "retarded": one of my sisters was (she has already passed away), and two of my cousins are "mentally retarded". My sister’s case was so severe, she couldn’t say much more than “Ma-ma-ma-ma.” We all miss her.

In Economy, Japanese Architecture, Life in Fukuoka Tags Fukuoka Jō Mukashi Tanbōkan, 福岡城むかし探訪館, Fukuoka Castle
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Sennyoji

November 18, 2020

Some 15 years ago, my wife and I visited this temple deep in the mountains of Itoshima. We were the only visitors at the time and felt honored when the Buddhist priest on duty invited us into the Holy of Holies or Apse, so to speak, to give us an up-close view of the 1000-handed Kannon statue. As we knelt before it, he burnt incense and chanted a lengthy sutra.

It had been a hard year, but at the time things were looking up. Being prayed over, I couldn’t help feeling that we were experiencing a spiritual spring cleaning that swept all of the negativity of the past several months away. And when it was finished and we stepped down from the we emerged that sacred space, I felt as if a heavy burden I had been carrying had become lighter.

As we left, toes frostbite from the cold, but hearts warmed and filled with hope, I suggested coming again the following year. And we did, year after year until our first son was born and child rearing became all-consuming.

In the meantime, Japan changed. The world changed. There was no SNS or smartphones when we first visited. There were few inbound tourists, too.

Now, I don’t want to sound like a crusty old fart, but I prefer how things were then—little known, quiet, special . . . holy. Thanks to COVID-19, the crowds that had beeb overwhelming so many places known for their tranquil and sublime beauty are once again worth visiting. (That was how I felt when we visited Dazaifu last week, too.)

We may have missed the peak of Sennyoji’s autumnal beauty this time by a few days. But I couldn’t have been happier to see the temple as I remembered it.

And as we left, I suggested once again that we try to come again next year.

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From Wiki:

Sennyo-ji (千如寺) is a Shingon temple in Itoshima, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Its honorary sangō prefix is Sennyo-ji Daihiō-in (千如寺大悲王院). It is also referred to as Raizan Kannon (雷山観音).

According to the legend, Sennyo-ji was founded in the Nara period by Seiga, who came from India as a priest during the period.

Due to its position in the north overlooking the Sea of Genkai, it has been expected from the shogunate as a prayer temple of the foremost line against the Mongol invasions of Japan during the Kamakura period. In its heyday has been said to be lined up to 300 priest living quarters around the temple. Sennyo-ji is a general term of this temple, and it is also referred to as the priest's lodge that was located next to the middle sanctuary, the present day site of Ikazuchi-jinja. The wooden Avalokiteśvara statue is the subject of mountainous faith that has been enshrined in the main hall.

In Autumn in Japan, Japanese Architecture, Religion Tags Autumn in Japan, Autumn Leaves, Sennoji, 千如寺大悲王院, 雷山, Raizan
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Tsuyazaki IMG_4201.JPG

Tsuyazaki Walkabout

May 5, 2020

Several years ago, I started translating professionally. While I had been rendering into English the odd document here and there over the past decade, I had never seriously considered pursuing a career in the field. Itchy feet, however, had me go against my better judgement. 

The theory behind the career move (if you could call it one) was that if I could make a living by translating, why then, I wouldn't need to stay in Japan all year long. I could work wherever I had a power supply and a good Internet connection. I pictured myself in a French town, sipping a café au lait and nibbling on a croissant, as I hammered away one translated sentence after another and earned twenty to thirty yen per character. Six months into it, I did manage to realize a small slice of that dream--albeit at the modest rate of only ten yen per translated character--working at the dining table of an apartment in a seven-hundred-year-old building in Rome's Trasvetere district and four months later on the deck of a condo in Sunriver, Oregon.

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The thing is, I had never cared much for the work when I did it casually, and now that I was doing it all the time, I was beginning to hate everything about it--the deadlines, the selfish demands of clients, the pittance earned vis-à-vis the effort invested. Jobs piled up, and I went for a stretch of three months not having a single day off. There aren't words in the English language to describe how exhausted I was. In Japanese, however, there were plenty: kuta kuta, heto heto, guttari, and so on.

The biggest disappointments, though, was the nature of the material I was translating. Most of it was tourism related. I'd say ninety percent or more had to do with enticing tourists to visit this place or that, a lot of which was pure fabrication.

One lie, in particular, appeared invariably in everything I was asked to translate: shizen-ni megumareta (blessed with beautiful nature). Every time I came across that line, I would look up from my keyboard and ask, "What nature? Where the hell is this nature they speak so glibly about?" Blessed with power lines and vending machines, perhaps, but nature? Who you trying to fool?"

Before long, my conscience got the better of me and I gave up pursuing translation as my ticket out of Japan. I still do the occasional job, but only on my terms and only if the material is interesting. 

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 Every now and then, curiosity has me actually go to the trouble of visiting the sites I have written about in translations to see if there is any meat to be found in the spam-like gunk of my translations. A few weeks ago that curiosity brought me to a sleepy fishing village called Tsuyazaki.

The photo above how Tsuyazaki likes to promote itself. White-washed walls made of clay, gray undulating roof tiles, the green patina of copper finishings, an ancient sake brewery located at the end of a narrow cobbled road that is still producing quality rice wine a hundred years after its founding, and so on. The reality, unfortunately, is yet another dying town that is clutching at straws to reinvent itself before it gives up the ghost for good. 

That said, I must admit that I was genuinely impressed by the Toyomura Sake Brewery, which is well worth the visit if you are in the area (and whose sake I am drinking as I write this), the rest of Tsuyazaki, I'm afraid, is rather dreary. (I extend mea máxima culpa if my translated copy motivated anyone to visit the town.)

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Tsuyazaki, which merged in 2005 with Fukuma to form a city with an affliction of a name--Fukutsu -shi--likes to boast of its sengen, (literally, 1000 houses) that were built in the so-called "machiya" style. Unfortunately, most of these houses are either in a bad state of repair or, as is so frustratingly common throughout Japan, covered with ugly fiberglass siding. These are san'widged between uninspiring houses and shabby apartment buildings.

The town was apparently the number one producer of sails in Japan back in the day when fishing ships were powered by the wind rather than Yanmar outboard motors. It's hard to say what industry the people of Tsuyazaki engage in today. There is some farming and fishing, yes, but not on a scale large enough to provide steady employment for young people. Until a few years ago when the Nishitetsu train still ran between Kaizuka and the town, an army of beach goers would descend upon Tsuyazaki on the weekends. But sadly no more. 

Rape blossoms.

Rape blossoms.

A tailor shop. Kinda makes you wonder how business is doing.

A tailor shop. Kinda makes you wonder how business is doing.

The former residence of the Kozuma family, an ex-dyer, the Ai no Ie, was built in 1901. Today it houses the Tsuyazaki Ethnological Museum.

The former residence of the Kozuma family, an ex-dyer, the Ai no Ie, was built in 1901. Today it houses the Tsuyazaki Ethnological Museum.

A small shrine located between the Ai no Ie and Toyomura Sake Brewery.

A small shrine located between the Ai no Ie and Toyomura Sake Brewery.

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This home is suffering from an identity crisis.

This home is suffering from an identity crisis.

Japanese radishes drying in the sun.

Japanese radishes drying in the sun.

An old farmhouse.

An old farmhouse.

 

In Japanese Architecture, Life in Fukuoka, Spring in Japan Tags Tsuyazaki, Fukutsu City, Fukuoka, Old Japanese architecture, Sakegura, Ai no Ie, Toyomura Sake Brewery
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Jóie De Vivre

May 1, 2020

Unfortunately, the Japanese chose to abandon their charming wooden homes and live in soulless concrete boxes, instead.

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In Japanese Architecture Tags Danchi, Apartment Buildings
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Imagawa, Chūō-ku

Imagawa, Chūō-ku

Art of Living (Fukuoka)

May 1, 2020

It has been with qreat dismay that I have watched neighborhoods all over Fukuoka City lose forsake architectural treasures over the years. When I first came to Japan over two decades ago it wasn't hard to find a traditional Japanese home or shop or even a cluster of such buildings here and there. Over time, however, these jewels have been torn down only to be replaced by ¥100 parking lots and tawdry apartment buildings which lack the soul the previous dwellings had. The trend has continued unabated and so now as I walk about town, I try to photograph the traditional Japanese homes I come across just as a zoologist might try to record a dying species. 

Daimyō, Chūō-ku

Daimyō, Chūō-ku

The entrance to a gorgeous home located in the affluent Sakurazaka neighborhood of Chūō-ku.

The entrance to a gorgeous home located in the affluent Sakurazaka neighborhood of Chūō-ku.

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This is rather unassuming storefront is a shichi-ya, or pawn shop, located in Imaizumi, Chūō-ku. Curiosity had me poke my head inside once where I found a teller window of sorts. Unlike most pawn shops which display and sell items forfeited by customers unable to pay off their loans, nothing was on sale inside. Considering the size and location of the property this house sits on, business must be good.

Nishijin, Sawara-ku

Nishijin, Sawara-ku

This is a privately owned home located along the Fujisaki-Nishijin shopping street. All of the houses there must have looked like this, but today only a handful remain which beggars belief.

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The former residence of the owner of Jōkyū Shōyu (soy sauce), in Daimyō, Chūō-ku. The house was renovated several years ago is now home to a popular soba restaurant called Yabukin. 

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The view from the second floor of the kura and roofing.

The view from the second floor of the kura and roofing.

In Japanese Architecture Tags Lost Japan, Japanese homes, Machiya, Shirakabe
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Jun 13, 2021
Jun 13, 2021
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Apr 14, 2019
High Time for Summer Time
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Apr 14, 2019
onomatopoeia.jpg
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Potsu Potsu: Japanese Onomatopoeia and the Rain
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Jun 18, 2018
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May 19, 2018
Point Break
May 19, 2018
May 19, 2018
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May 2, 2018
F.O.B. & A-Okay
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Apr 4, 2018
Fukuoka Guide: Spring 2018
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IMG_4503.jpg
Feb 12, 2018
Woman Kinder-rupted
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Feb 11, 2018
Summer of Loathing
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Feb 11, 2018
Election Primer
Feb 11, 2018
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Play With Me

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IMG_0541.jpg
Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
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Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
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Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018

Please Write

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Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
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Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
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Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
Jan 21, 2018
1000 Awesome Things About Japan

1000 Awesome Things About Japan

Featured
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Feb 26, 2020
8. Peas Gohan
Feb 26, 2020
Feb 26, 2020
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Jan 16, 2019
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Jan 16, 2019
Jan 16, 2019
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Oct 10, 2018
6. No Guns
Oct 10, 2018
Oct 10, 2018
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Oct 10, 2018
5. Coin Lockers
Oct 10, 2018
Oct 10, 2018
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Sep 11, 2018
4. Sentō
Sep 11, 2018
Sep 11, 2018
manu.jpeg
Sep 10, 2018
3. Uprightness
Sep 10, 2018
Sep 10, 2018
IMG_2220.jpg
Sep 6, 2018
2. Manhole Covers
Sep 6, 2018
Sep 6, 2018
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Sep 5, 2018
1. Flying in Japan
Sep 5, 2018
Sep 5, 2018
Featured
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Dec 5, 2021
5 December 1941
Dec 5, 2021
Dec 5, 2021
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Dec 1, 2021
1 December 1941
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Dec 1, 2021

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